It is impossible to maintain dental health if a person has gum disease. The mucous membrane of the gum performs a protective function and protects the teeth from the influence of pathogens. Diseases of the gums, which last for a long time, not only cause pain and smell from the mouth, but are fraught with loss of teeth. After 33-35 years, about a third of the population suffers from periodontal disease of one degree or another.
As a rule, the main cause of this pathology is dental plaque. It contains many pathogenic bacteria. They are constantly formed on the teeth, and with poor oral hygiene go into tartar.
Among the factors that cause gum disease, dentists call:
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Smoking.
- Certain foods that cause active plaque formation.
- Lack of vitamins.
- Chronic intoxication.
As a rule, gum disease has characteristic signs, in which case it is necessary to consult a periodontist or dentist:
- When the teeth are cleaned, the gums begin to bleed.
- They have a red color, become swollen and friable.
- The gums are separated from the tooth, it does not fit tightly.
- Regular presence of odor from the mouth.
- There is pus between the teeth and the gums.
- Teeth stagger.
In order to learn how to treat gum disease, it is necessary to correctly establish a diagnosis. Most often there are three types of diseases: gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontitis. They have their own characteristics. So, gingivitis is a superficial inflammation that develops under the influence of unfavorable conditions of local and general significance. With this disease, the integrity of the connection between the gum and the tooth is not compromised.
Periodontitis is the inflammation of the gum tissue, which destroys the gum and bone tissue of the alveoli. The fact is that gum diseases, the treatment of which must be started in time, can grow into one another. Periodontitis is a consequence of gingivitis. If he is not treated for a long period, a person can lose a tooth.
Periodontal disease occurs due to the development of an inflammatory process, the cause of which is plaque. Sometimes dystrophic periodontal diseases, in addition to dental plaque, can be caused by disorders in the development of the dentoalveolar system: bite defects and abnormalities in the location of the teeth.
The scheme of the inflammatory process is as follows: microbes destroy the connection between the teeth and gums. Due to this, plaque can penetrate deeper and deeper, damaging enamel and gum. As a result, a pocket is formed in which microbes accumulate, becoming a source of unpleasant odor. Then, a microbial plaque is placed in the root region of the tooth, the granulation tissue becomes infected, as a result of which the root first dissolves, and then the bone of the tooth. The final stage is the fall of a sick tooth.
Patients who develop gum disease, constantly talk about increased sensitivity in this area, which increases after eating.
It is important to know that even after tooth loss, gum disease does not go away, they complicate prosthetics very much. Sometimes long-term treatment is required.
In order to avoid such deplorable consequences, it is necessary to do preventive maintenance of periodontitis:
- Do not smoke.
- Maintain proper oral hygiene.
- Follow the diet( limit the use of sweets, eat more raw fruits and vegetables that massage the gums and cleanse the teeth).The list of foods recommended for consumption is best discussed with your doctor.
Of course, if you have the first symptoms of a disease you need to contact a specialist.